Recovery Glossary

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In twelve-step recovery, this is often considered the foundation upon which all other recovery work is built.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Accountability", def: "Taking responsibility for one's actions, both past and present. In recovery, this includes being honest with a sponsor, attending meetings, and following through on commitments.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Addiction", def: "A chronic, relapsing condition characterised by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequences. Modern understanding recognises it as a brain disorder involving changes to reward, motivation, and memory circuits.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Aftercare", def: "Ongoing support and treatment following an initial period of structured care, such as leaving a residential programme. Aftercare might include outpatient counselling, meetings, and check-ins with a keyworker.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Al-Anon", def: "A fellowship for families and friends affected by someone else's drinking, using a programme adapted from the Twelve Steps. Families affected by drug use are served by Nar-Anon and Families Anonymous.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Amends", def: "The process of acknowledging harm done to others and taking action to put things right, as outlined in Steps Eight and Nine. Amends go beyond apology and involve changed behaviour.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Anonymity", def: "A foundational principle of twelve-step fellowships. Members protect each other's identity, particularly at the level of press, radio, and social media. Anonymity ensures safety and equality.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== B ===== */ { term: "Big Book", def: "The primary text of Alcoholics Anonymous, first published in 1939. Officially titled Alcoholics Anonymous, it contains the original description of the Twelve Steps and personal stories of recovery.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Bladder Damage", alt: "Ketamine bladder, K-cramps", def: "A well-documented physical consequence of prolonged ketamine use. The drug irritates the bladder lining, causing pain, urgency, and reduced capacity. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be required.", tags: ["substance", "clinical"] }, { term: "Boundaries", def: "Limits a person sets to protect their own wellbeing. In recovery, learning to set and maintain healthy boundaries is essential for both the person in recovery and their family members.", tags: ["general"] }, /* ===== C ===== */ { term: "CA", alt: "Cocaine Anonymous", def: "A twelve-step fellowship specifically for people recovering from cocaine and other drugs. Meetings follow a similar format to NA and AA.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Character Defects", alt: "Shortcomings", def: "Patterns of thinking and behaviour that cause harm to ourselves and others. Steps Six and Seven involve becoming willing to have these removed and asking a Higher Power for help.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Clean", def: "Being free from all mood-altering substances. In NA, a person counts their clean time from the last day they used any drugs.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Clean Time", alt: "Sobriety, Recovery time", def: "The continuous period during which a person has not used any mood-altering substances. Many people mark anniversaries and milestones of their clean time.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Co-dependency", def: "A pattern of behaviour in which a person becomes excessively focused on another person's needs, feelings, and problems, often at the expense of their own wellbeing. Common among family members of people with addiction.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Comedown", def: "The period of physical and psychological symptoms experienced as a drug wears off. With stimulants like cocaine, this often includes exhaustion, depression, anxiety, and intense cravings.", tags: ["substance"] }, { term: "Comorbidity", alt: "Dual diagnosis, Co-occurring conditions", def: "The presence of two or more conditions at the same time, such as addiction alongside depression, anxiety, or PTSD. Effective treatment addresses all conditions together.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Compulsion", def: "An overwhelming urge to use a substance despite knowing the consequences. In recovery terms, the compulsion is the mental obsession that precedes the physical act of using.", tags: ["clinical", "fellowship"] }, { term: "Crack Cocaine", def: "A smokeable form of cocaine that produces a rapid, intense high followed by a severe crash. The speed of onset makes it particularly addictive and the cycle of use tends to be more chaotic.", tags: ["substance"] }, { term: "Cross-addiction", alt: "Substitute addiction", def: "The tendency for a person recovering from one substance to develop dependence on another. This is why twelve-step programmes advocate abstinence from all mood-altering substances.", tags: ["clinical"] }, /* ===== D ===== */ { term: "Daily Reprieve", def: "The recovery principle that sobriety is maintained one day at a time. The Big Book describes staying clean as a daily reprieve contingent on the maintenance of one's spiritual condition.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Defects of Character", def: "See Character Defects. The traits and patterns identified in Step work that contribute to destructive behaviour.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Denial", def: "The inability or unwillingness to recognise the reality and severity of one's addiction. Denial is not simply lying; it is a genuine psychological defence mechanism that protects the person from painful truths.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Dependence", alt: "Physical dependence", def: "A physiological state in which the body has adapted to the presence of a drug. Stopping use causes withdrawal symptoms. Dependence is distinct from addiction, though they often occur together.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Detoxification", alt: "Detox", def: "The medically supervised process of safely withdrawing from substances. For some drugs, particularly alcohol and benzodiazepines, unsupervised detox can be medically dangerous.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Disease Model", def: "The understanding of addiction as a chronic medical condition rather than a moral failing or lack of willpower. This model is supported by neuroscience research and forms the basis of most modern treatment approaches.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Dissociation", def: "A feeling of detachment from one's body, thoughts, or surroundings. Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic, and users often seek this effect, though prolonged dissociation can cause lasting psychological harm.", tags: ["substance", "clinical"] }, { term: "Dry Drunk", def: "A person who has stopped drinking or using but has not addressed the underlying attitudes and behaviours of addiction. They may still exhibit irritability, dishonesty, and self-centredness.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== E ===== */ { term: "Ego", def: "In recovery language, the self-centred thinking that keeps a person trapped in addictive patterns. Much of Step work involves reducing the ego's dominance and developing humility.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Enabling", def: "Actions taken by family members or friends that, while well-intentioned, protect the person with addiction from experiencing the full consequences of their behaviour. Enabling prolongs active addiction.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Euphoric Recall", def: "The tendency to remember only the pleasurable aspects of using while forgetting or minimising the pain, chaos, and consequences. Euphoric recall can be a powerful trigger for relapse.", tags: ["clinical"] }, /* ===== F ===== */ { term: "Fellowship", def: "The community of people who share the common purpose of recovery. In twelve-step programmes, the fellowship provides support, accountability, and a sense of belonging.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "FRANK", def: "The UK national drug advice service offering free, confidential information and support. Available 24 hours a day on 0300 123 6600 or by texting 82111.", tags: ["general"] }, /* ===== G ===== */ { term: "Geographic Cure", def: "The mistaken belief that moving to a new location will solve one's addiction. Recovery teaches that the problem is internal, and a change of scenery without a change of behaviour simply brings the same problems to a new place.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "God", alt: "Higher Power, HP", def: "In twelve-step programmes, the concept of a power greater than oneself. This can be anything the individual finds meaningful: a traditional deity, the group itself, the universe, or simply the principles of recovery.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Gratitude", def: "A practice central to recovery that involves actively recognising the positive aspects of life. Regular gratitude practice is linked to improved mental health and reduced risk of relapse.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Group Conscience", def: "The collective decision-making process used in twelve-step fellowships. Decisions are made by the group as a whole, guided by the Traditions, rather than by any single authority.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== H ===== */ { term: "HALT", def: "An acronym standing for Hungry, Angry, Lonely, Tired. These four states are common relapse triggers, and people in recovery learn to check in with themselves regularly using this simple tool.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Harm Reduction", def: "An approach that aims to reduce the negative consequences of substance use without necessarily requiring abstinence. Examples include needle exchange programmes and supervised consumption facilities.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Higher Power", def: "See God. A personal concept of a power greater than oneself that forms the spiritual foundation of twelve-step recovery. The programme is explicitly non-religious and each person defines this for themselves.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Home Group", def: "The regular meeting a person attends most consistently and where they take on service commitments. Having a home group provides structure, accountability, and deeper connection within the fellowship.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Honesty", def: "Considered the foundation of recovery. The programme begins with admitting the truth about one's addiction (Step One) and honesty remains essential throughout all aspects of recovery.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== I ===== */ { term: "Identification", def: "The experience of recognising one's own story in someone else's sharing. In the Stepwise Six-Lens Framework, identification is the first lens through which recovery content is examined.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Insanity", def: "In recovery terms, doing the same thing repeatedly while expecting different results. Step Two references insanity as the irrational thinking that characterises active addiction.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Intervention", def: "A structured process in which family members, friends, and sometimes a professional confront a person about their addiction and encourage them to seek help. Interventions should ideally be guided by a trained professional.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Inventory", alt: "Moral inventory, Step Four", def: "A thorough and honest examination of one's behaviour, resentments, fears, and harms done to others. A written inventory is central to Step Four and ongoing recovery through Step Ten.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== K ===== */ { term: "K-Hole", def: "A state of intense dissociation caused by high doses of ketamine, in which the user may feel completely detached from their body. Some users seek this experience deliberately, while others find it terrifying.", tags: ["substance"] }, { term: "Ketamine", def: "A dissociative anaesthetic increasingly used recreationally, particularly among younger people in the UK. Chronic use can cause severe bladder damage, cognitive impairment, and psychological dependence.", tags: ["substance"] }, { term: "Keyworker", def: "A designated professional who coordinates a person's care within a treatment service. The keyworker acts as the main point of contact and helps develop and review the care plan.", tags: ["clinical"] }, /* ===== L ===== */ { term: "Lapse", def: "A brief, one-off return to substance use that does not develop into a full pattern of using. Some treatment approaches distinguish between a lapse and a relapse, though twelve-step programmes typically treat any use as a relapse.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Literature", def: "The written materials approved by twelve-step fellowships, including the Big Book, the Basic Text, and various pamphlets and workbooks. Stepwise Recovery Guides complement this literature with substance-specific content.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Living Amends", def: "A form of amends (Step Nine) made through ongoing changed behaviour rather than a single conversation. Used when direct amends would cause further harm or when the person is no longer available.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== M ===== */ { term: "Maintenance", def: "The ongoing work of recovery after the initial intensive period. This includes continuing to attend meetings, working with a sponsor, and practising the principles in daily life.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Managed Use", alt: "Controlled drinking, Moderation", def: "The idea that a person with addiction can learn to use substances in a controlled way. Twelve-step programmes regard this as a dangerous illusion for true addicts, though some clinical approaches explore it.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Medication-Assisted Treatment", alt: "MAT, OST", def: "The use of prescribed medications alongside counselling and behavioural therapies to treat addiction. Examples include methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Meeting", def: "A gathering of people in recovery, typically following a structured format. Meetings may be open (anyone can attend) or closed (restricted to those who identify as having an addiction).", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Moral Inventory", def: "See Inventory. The written self-examination undertaken in Step Four.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== N ===== */ { term: "NA", alt: "Narcotics Anonymous", def: "A global fellowship of people recovering from drug addiction, using a programme adapted from Alcoholics Anonymous. NA's UK helpline is 0300 999 1212.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Newcomer", def: "A person who is new to recovery or to twelve-step meetings. Fellowships place great emphasis on welcoming and supporting newcomers, as they are considered the most important people in the room.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== O ===== */ { term: "Obsession", alt: "Mental obsession", def: "The persistent, intrusive thoughts about using that characterise addiction. The Big Book describes the mental obsession as the part of the disease that convinces the person they can use safely, despite all evidence to the contrary.", tags: ["clinical", "fellowship"] }, { term: "Old-timer", def: "A person with many years of continuous recovery. Old-timers often serve as sponsors and provide wisdom and perspective to newer members.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Open Meeting", def: "A twelve-step meeting that anyone can attend, including family members, students, and professionals. Contrasted with closed meetings, which are for people who identify as addicts only.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== P ===== */ { term: "People-Pleasing", def: "A pattern of prioritising others' approval over one's own needs and values. Common among people with addiction, and often addressed through Step work and boundary-setting.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Physical Dependence", def: "See Dependence. The state in which the body has adapted to a drug and experiences withdrawal when use stops.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Pink Cloud", def: "A period of euphoria and optimism that sometimes occurs in early recovery. While pleasant, it can be dangerous if the person becomes complacent about their recovery work.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Powerlessness", def: "The admission in Step One that one's own willpower is insufficient to control addiction. Accepting powerlessness is considered the essential first step toward recovery.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Programme", alt: "The programme", def: "The Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions as a way of life. When people in recovery refer to working a programme, they mean actively applying these principles to their daily lives.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== R ===== */ { term: "Recovery", def: "The ongoing process of living free from active addiction. Recovery involves far more than simply not using; it encompasses emotional, spiritual, and social growth.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Recovery Capital", def: "The resources, both internal and external, that a person can draw upon to support their recovery. This includes housing, employment, relationships, health, and social networks.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Relapse", def: "A return to substance use after a period of abstinence. Relapse is often preceded by emotional and behavioural warning signs. It does not mean recovery has failed; it means the recovery plan needs adjusting.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Resentment", def: "Deep-seated anger or bitterness towards a person, situation, or institution. The Big Book identifies resentment as the number one offender in causing relapse, and Step Four includes a thorough examination of resentments.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Residential Treatment", alt: "Rehab, Treatment centre", def: "A structured programme in which a person lives at a treatment facility for a period, typically 28 days to 12 weeks. Treatment usually combines therapy, group work, education, and introduction to twelve-step recovery.", tags: ["clinical"] }, /* ===== S ===== */ { term: "Samaritans", def: "A UK charity providing emotional support to anyone in distress. Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week on 116 123 (free to call). You do not need to be suicidal to contact them.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Sanity", def: "In Step Two, the state of mind to which a Higher Power can restore the person. Sanity in this context means clear, rational thinking free from the distortions of active addiction.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Serenity", def: "A state of inner calm and acceptance. The Serenity Prayer, widely used in recovery, asks for the serenity to accept what cannot be changed, courage to change what can be changed, and wisdom to know the difference.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Service", def: "Voluntary work done for the benefit of others in recovery. Service ranges from making tea at meetings to sponsoring newcomers. The Twelfth Step specifically calls for carrying the message to others.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "SHOUT", def: "The UK crisis text line. Available 24 hours a day by texting SHOUT to 85258. Trained volunteers provide support via text message for anyone in crisis.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Six-Lens Framework", def: "A tool developed by Stepwise Recovery for examining recovery content from six distinct perspectives: Identification & Denial, Powerlessness, Turning Point & Surrender, Spiritual Experience, Spiritual Resistance & Ego Defence, and Passing It On.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Sober", alt: "Sobriety", def: "Living free from the influence of alcohol or other substances. In broader recovery terms, sobriety also implies a way of living based on honesty, accountability, and spiritual growth.", tags: ["general"] }, { term: "Spiritual Awakening", def: "A fundamental shift in perception and values that occurs as a result of working the Twelve Steps. This does not require religious belief; it can be understood as a profound change in how one sees the world and one's place in it.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Sponsor", def: "An experienced member of a twelve-step fellowship who guides a newer member through the Steps. The sponsor-sponsee relationship is considered one of the most important elements of recovery.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Step Work", def: "The process of actively working through the Twelve Steps, usually with the guidance of a sponsor. This involves writing, reflection, honest conversation, and practical action.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Surrender", def: "The act of giving up the fight against addiction and accepting help. In recovery, surrender is seen not as weakness but as the necessary precondition for change.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== T ===== */ { term: "Terminal Uniqueness", def: "The belief that one's situation is so special or different that recovery principles cannot apply. This thinking prevents connection and keeps people isolated from the help they need.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Tolerance", def: "The need for increasing amounts of a substance to achieve the same effect. Tolerance develops as the body adapts to the drug and is a hallmark of developing dependence.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Traditions", alt: "The Twelve Traditions", def: "Twelve principles that guide how twelve-step fellowships operate as organisations. While the Steps address individual recovery, the Traditions protect the unity and integrity of the group.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Trigger", def: "Any person, place, situation, emotion, or sensory experience that produces cravings or urges to use substances. Identifying and managing triggers is a key part of relapse prevention.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Twelve Steps", alt: "The Steps", def: "A set of guiding principles outlining a course of action for recovery from addiction. Originally written by the founders of Alcoholics Anonymous, the Steps have been adapted by numerous fellowships worldwide.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, /* ===== U ===== */ { term: "Unmanageability", def: "The condition described in Step One in which a person's life has become chaotic and out of control as a result of their addiction. Unmanageability can be external (job loss, debt, legal problems) or internal (emotional turmoil, broken relationships).", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Using", def: "The act of taking drugs or alcohol. In fellowship language, a person is either using or they are clean/sober.", tags: ["general"] }, /* ===== W ===== */ { term: "White-Knuckling", def: "Staying clean through sheer willpower alone, without engaging in a programme of recovery. This approach is generally unsustainable and leads to a miserable existence or eventual relapse.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Willingness", def: "An openness to try new approaches and follow suggestions. Willingness is considered essential in recovery, particularly in Steps Six and Seven, and is often described as the key that opens the door.", tags: ["fellowship"] }, { term: "Withdrawal", def: "The physical and psychological symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance they have become dependent on. Symptoms vary by drug but can include nausea, tremors, anxiety, insomnia, and in severe cases, seizures.", tags: ["clinical"] }, { term: "Working the Steps", def: "See Step Work. 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